China Expands Basic Research Infrastructure To 77 Sites

The new rules establish a dual-track path involving both drug development approval and medical technology application. China is implementing dual oversight through ethical reviews and quality control to manage medical risks in stem cell treatments. Liu Zhengmin noted that treatment strategies must be adjusted for individual patients and that tertiary hospitals must meet specific thresholds to ensure safety during real-world technology verification. Clinical research is restricted to three designated hospitals to ensure safety and oversight. Violators face orders to refund fees, fines of up to five times the illegal gains, and potential suspension of operations. The regulations state that clinical use is permitted only when sufficient evidence of safety and efficacy is provided. New regulations in China aim to curb profit-driven violations such as concept arbitrage and unauthorized clinical research. China's investment in basic research as a proportion of total social R&D expenditure exceeded 7 percent in 2025, marking a new high. The country has currently established 77 research layouts to support this strategic focus. The increase follows rapid advancements in large-scale AI models and computing power that have accelerated the pace of scientific discovery. China has laid out the construction of 77 specific sites dedicated to basic research to foster interdisciplinary fusion. The expansion focuses on interdisciplinary integration in mathematics, materials science, and computer science to support the artificial intelligence revolution.