{
  "title": "What a smile does to a voice",
  "date": "2026-09-12",
  "scope": "Descriptive audit of model-generated happy labels. No observed facial smiles. Probe-held-out actors are not verified held-out from checkpoint training.",
  "published_cues": {
    "source": "https://www.vocaltractlab.de/publications/stone-2022-essv.pdf",
    "location": "Table 4, all row",
    "participants": 57,
    "sentences": 15,
    "unit": "percent of judgments classified as smiling",
    "conditions": {
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      "pitch_plus_2_semitones": 38.1,
      "altered_vocal_tract_geometry": 39.8,
      "both": 61.4
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    "uncertainty": "Not plotted; participant-level responses unavailable."
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}
